Wireless refers to the transfer of voice, data or image information, packaged in different media, using electromagnetic waves instead of a physical wire connection. The distance between communicating equipment varies from a few metres, for example, the television set and its remote control, to radio communication distances of up to millions of miles across continents. Wireless communication is usually classified under the umbrella branch of telecommunication.
The equipment involved in wireless communication includes portable personal digital assistant (PDA’s), wireless networking, two-way radios and mobile phones. Other equipment that utilises wireless technology are computer peripherals like mice, headsets and keyboards, satellite television, cordless telephones, door openers, like garage doors, and GPS or Global Positioning System units.
The wireless technology uses three major mediums to communicate between different equipment. Microwave communication is the joining of two pieces equipment using antennas. For long range communication, there has to be a line of sight. Radio communication is the transfer of signals by means of electromagnetic waves in a modular form. An infra-red ray is commonly used for communications of short-range distances, for example, a remote control to electronic equipment.
Common uses of wireless networking are varied. In today’s world, the most widespread use is connection of laptops for users who have to travel to different locations. Another major use of wireless connection is the mobile networks which use satellite connectivity. This technology is used to cover distances far beyond physical cabling capabilities, connect temporary or portable work stations, avail backup facilities in case the normal network communications fail and to evade obstacles like physical structures.